Spec Scripts Explained: How to Write a Spec Script

A spec script (short for speculative screenplay) is written without the promise of purchase or production. It differs from a shooting script in that it's meant to tell a story and highlight the voice of the writer, so technical details are less important. Spec scripts have a very small chance of reaching production, but some do. As a writing sample, spec scripts can help writers gain representation or positive attention in the filmmaking industry.

The distinction between television and film spec scripts in the streaming era is not as important as it once was; many screenwriters work in both mediums. Still, there are differences in the processes that can help aspiring screenwriters:

1. 1. Television spec script: A TV series starts with a pilot script. After the long process of having the pilot greenlit, produced, and picked up for series, writers need to create an order of episodes. If you’re writing “on spec,” then you can either start from scratch with your idea for a pilot or write an episode of a preexisting series. In any case, the TV spec script can showcase your skills and lead to showrunners hiring you.
2. 2. Film spec script: Writing a feature film spec is similar to writing a television pilot, but you are completing the entire arc of the story in your script rather than simply setting up a world. When writing an original screenplay feature, emphasize your originality and voice.

When deciding whether to write a spec script, consider the pros and cons of the process. For the beginning screenwriter, every script you write will be on spec—at least initially. You’re committing your time and energy to something that you find creatively satisfying, so even if it doesn’t turn into a paid writing assignment, you’re still gaining valuable experience. Once you have a reputation and a resume, writing a spec requires time and energy that you might otherwise be paid for.

An original pilot or feature film spec script can be an excellent addition to your writing portfolio, operating as a kind of calling card to potential employers. It shows a prospective agent, manager, or production company executive that you can tell a story and create the foundation of a fictional world. Follow these tips to begin writing a spec script:

1. 1. Start with an idea. Daydream or look around for ideas in your life experience, works of fiction, or in the news. There are stories everywhere and infinite possible variations on those stories.
2. 2. Get familiar with the format. Screenwriting is different from writing prose in that you are not creating a finished project but a foundation to build an audiovisual experience. This can feel constraining to writers inexperienced in the form, but you can make these limitations work for you. The objective is the same: Tell an interesting story as well as you can. When writing a spec, it’s unnecessary to include camera directions. Focus on the dialogue and character-building.
3. 3. Seek out feedback. An excellent place to start is with your friends or anyone you trust to give good, honest feedback. Then move on to other forums, such as screenwriting classes or fellowships.
4. 4. Keep writing. The more you write, the better you will get at the craft. It requires dedication and persistence; there are many aspiring writers out there, and even the most successful still deal with rejection and dry spells. Develop a thick skin, and concentrate on what you can control about the process, such as your work ethic.

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